Tài liệu Chiến lược dối phó với căng thẳng học tập của sinh viên trường Đại học Y Hà Nội, năm học 2018-2019

pdf 9 trang Miên Thùy 01/04/2025 30
Bạn đang xem tài liệu "Tài liệu Chiến lược dối phó với căng thẳng học tập của sinh viên trường Đại học Y Hà Nội, năm học 2018-2019", để tải tài liệu gốc về máy bạn click vào nút DOWNLOAD ở trên

Tài liệu đính kèm:

  • pdftai_lieu_chien_luoc_doi_pho_voi_cang_thang_hoc_tap_cua_sinh.pdf

Nội dung text: Tài liệu Chiến lược dối phó với căng thẳng học tập của sinh viên trường Đại học Y Hà Nội, năm học 2018-2019

  1. 7Ҥ3&+ậ1*+,ầ1&Ӭ8<+Ӑ& &+,ӂ1/ѬӦ&ĈӔ,3+ẽ9Ӟ, &Ă1*7+Ҷ1*+Ӑ&7Ұ3&Ӫ$6,1+9,ầ1 75ѬӠ1*ĈҤ,+Ӑ&<+ơ1Ӝ,1Ă0+Ӑ& 3KҥP7Kӏ7KDQK+j%L7Kӏ+ѭѫQJ.LP%ҧR*LDQJ 3KҥP7KDQK7QJYj3KҥP%tFK'LӋS 7Ú͵QJĈ̹LKͥF<+j1ͱL 1JKLrQF΁XQK͉PPͽFWLrXP{W̻FiFKÿͩLSKyYͳLFăQJWK͋QJWURQJKͥFWͅSFͿDVLQKYLrQWÚ͵QJĈ̹LKͥF <+j1ͱLQăPKͥF1KyPQJKLrQF΁XV΅GͽQJSḰ˿QJSKiSP{W̻F͇WQJDQJWUrQVLQKYLrQ QăPÿ̿XYjQăPFXͩLW̹LĈ̹LKͥF<+j1ͱL7΍O͟VLQKYLrQV΅GͽQJFiFFKL͗QÓͻFWURQJQKyP³FKL͗QÓͻFWL͗S FͅQY̽Qÿ͙´OjFDRQK̽WW΃ÿ͗QͷVLQKYLrQQăPÿ̿XYjW΃ÿ͗QYͳLVLQKYLrQQăP FXͩLWL͗SWKHROjFiFFKL͗QÓͻFWKXͱFQKyP³FKL͗QÓͻFKͯWUͻ[mKͱL´YjWK̽SQK̽WOjFiFFKL͗QÓͻFWKXͱF QKyP³FKL͗QÓͻFQpWUiQKY̽Qÿ͙´W΃ÿ͗QYͳLVLQKYLrQQăPÿ̿XYjW΃ÿ͗QYͳLVLQK YLrQQăPFXͩL1KjWÚ͵QJF̿QFyFiFEͱSKͅQẂY̽QJL~SVLQKYLrQOΉDFKͥQFKL͗QÓͻFSKKͻSÿ͛ÿͩLSKy YͳLFăQJWK͋QJWURQJKͥFWͅSÿ͏FEL͟WOjVLQKYLrQQăPFXͩL 7ӯNKyD&KLӃQOѭӧFVLQKYLrQ\NKRDKӑFWұSFăQJWKҷQJĈҥLKӑF<+j1ӝL ,ĈҺ79Ҩ1Ĉӄ &ăQJ WKҷQJ WURQJ KӑF WұS Wӯ FiF FKѭѫQJ YjOұSNӃKRҥFKWUѭӟFNKLKjQKÿӝQJFyPӕL WUuQKÿjRWҥR<NKRDJk\UDQKLӅXYҩQÿӅVӭF WѭѫQJ TXDQ Wӹ OӋ WKXұQ YӟL WUҥQJ WKiL YXL Yҿ NKӓHFKRVLQKYLrQQKѭUӕLORҥQJLҩFQJӫUӕL KҥQKSK~FQJѭӧFOҥLFKLӃQOѭӧFSKӫQKұQYҩQ ORҥQ FҧP [~F WUҫP FҧP &iF QJKLrQ FӭX ÿӅSKҧQӭQJWKiLTXiKRһFEӓPһFYҩQÿӅOjP ÿm FKӍ UD UҵQJ GR ÿһF WK TXi WUuQK ÿjR WҥR VX\ QKѭӧF VӭF NKӓH WkP WKҫQ6 1JKLrQ FӭX NpRGjLYjiSOӵFKӑFWұSFDRQrQFăQJWKҷQJ WUrQ VLQK YLrQ< NKRD +jQ 4XӕF FNJQJ FKӍ UD Yj WUҫP FҧP NKi SKә ELӃQ WURQJ VLQK YLrQ< FKLӃQOѭӧFQpWUiQKYjNK{QJQKұQWKӭFÿѭӧF NKRDQKѭWӹOӋFăQJWKҷQJӣVLQKYLrQ\NKRD YҩQÿӅFjQJOjPJLDWăQJFăQJWKҷQJ7 $L&ұSOjYj0DOD\VLDOj ĈӇOjP 7ҥL9LӋW1DPVLQKYLrQ\FNJQJFKӏXQKLӅX JLҧPFăQJWKҷQJWURQJKӑFWұSVLQKYLrQVӱ iS OӵF FăQJ WKҷQJ WURQJ KӑF WұS 7ӹ OӋ VLQK GөQJ QKLӅX FKLӃQ OѭӧF ÿӇ ÿӕL SKy WURQJ ÿy YLrQNKRD\WӃF{QJFӝQJĈҥLKӑF<GѭӧF+XӃ FKLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKyWtFKFӵFÿѭӧFVLQKYLrQVӱ EӏiSOӵFFăQJWKҷQJQăPOjWӍOӋ GөQJQKLӅXQKҩWFKLӃQOѭӧFQpWUiQKtW ÿѭӧF VLQKYLrQWUѭӡQJĈҥLKӑF<+j1ӝL Ĉ+<+1 Vӱ GөQJ KѫQ5 1JKLrQ FӭX WҥL ĈӭF WUrQ VLQK WӵEiRFiRWUҫPFҧPOjWӍOӋVLQKYLrQ YLrQ<QăPFKRWKҩ\FKLӃQOѭӧFVX\QJKƭ ӣ ĈҥL KӑF < 'ѭӧF +ҧL 3KzQJ Fy ELӇX KLӋQ WUҫPFҧPOjYjNKҧQăQJELӇXKLӋQFiF WULӋX FKӭQJ WUҫP FҧP WăQJ  OҫQ QӃX VLQK 7iFJL̻OLrQK͟3K̹P%tFK'L͟S YLrQFҧPWKҩ\iSOӵFKӑFWұSWăQJOrQ7X\ 7Ú͵QJĈ̹LKͥF<+j1ͱL QKLrQFiFQJKLrQFӭXQj\FKѭDÿӅFұSÿӃQ (PDLOSKDPELFKGLHS#KPXHGXYQ FiFFKLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKyYӟLiSOӵFKӑFWұSFӫD 1Jj\QKͅQ 1Jj\ÿ́ͻFFK̽SQKͅQ  TCNCYH 138 (2) - 2021
  2. 7Ҥ3&+ậ1*+,ầ1&Ӭ8<+Ӑ& VLQKYLrQ7uPKLӇXVLQKYLrQÿӕLSKyYӟLFiF YҩQÿӅYjKӛWUӧ[mKӝLWKDQJÿR ÿm ÿѭӧFWiF YҩQÿӅWURQJKӑFWұSVӁJL~SÿӏQKKѭӟQJFKR JLҧ 6XOOLYDQ NLӇP WUD Yj FKӭQJ PLQK Fy WtQK FiF KRҥW ÿӝQJ Kӛ WUӧ VLQK YLrQ WăQJ FѭӡQJ JLiWUӏWUrQ69ÿҥLKӑFWҥL0ӻQăP11 KLӋXTXҧFӫDTXiWUuQKÿjRWҥR9uYұ\QJKLrQ %ӝF{QJFөOҫQÿҫXWLrQÿѭӧFQKyPQJKLrn FӭXQj\ÿѭӧFWKӵFKLӋQYӟLPөFWLrX³P{Wҧ FӭXYjFKX\rQJLDGӏFKVDQJWLӃQJ9LӋW'R FKLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKyYӟLFăQJWKҷQJWURQJKӑF EӝF{QJFөYӟLWKDQJÿRPӭFÿӝFKѭDÿѭӧF WұSFӫDVLQKYLrQ7UѭӡQJĈҥLKӑF<+j1ӝL NLӇPÿӏQKWҥL9LӋW1DPQrQFkXWUҧOӡLÿmÿѭӧF QăPKӑF´ ÿLӅXFKӍQKWKjQK³Fy´Yj³NK{QJ´%ӝF{QJFө ÿmÿѭӧFWLӃQKjQKQJKLrQFӭXWKӱWUrQQKyP ,,ĈӔ,7ѬӦ1*9ơ3+ѬѪ1*3+ẩ3 VLQKYLrQĈҥLKӑF<+j1ӝLÿӇÿҧPEҧRWtQK ĈӕLWѭӧQJ U}UjQJYjGӉKLӇX&{QJFөJӗPFkXKӓL 6LQKYLrQFKtQKTX\ Ĉ+<+1 QăPWKӭQKҩW WURQJÿyQKyPWLӃSFұQYҩQÿӅ FkX QKyP YjQăPFXӕL QăPYӟLKӋÿjRWҥRFӱQKkQYj QpWUiQKYҩQÿӅ FkX YjQKyPKӛWUӧ[mKӝL QăPYӟLKӋÿjRWҥREiFVƭ  FkX  7KӡLJLDQÿӏDÿLӇPQJKLrQFӭXÿѭӧFWKӵF 4X\ WUuQK WKX WKұS Vӕ OLӋX %ӝ FkX KӓL KLӋQ Wӯ WKiQJ  ÿӃQ WKiQJ  WҥL SKӓQJYҩQÿѭӧF ÿѭDOrQSKҫQPӅPWKXWKұS 7UѭӡQJĈ+<+1WURQJÿyWKӡLJLDQWKXWKұSVӕ WK{QJ WLQ FӫD 7UXQJ WkP .KҧR WKt WUѭӡQJ OLӋXWӯWKiQJÿӃQWKiQJ Ĉ+<+11JKLrQFӭXYLrQPӡLYjKѭӟQJGүQ 3KѭѫQJSKiS 69WKDPJLDWUҧOӡLFkXKӓLQJKLrQFӭXTXDKӋ WKӕQJORDYjKӛWUӧWUӵFWLӃSWҥLFiFSKzQJWKL 7KL͗WN͗QJKLrQF΁XF͹P̓XQJKLrQFӭX P{WҧFҳWQJDQJ ;ӱOờVӕOLӋX 6ӕ OLӋX FӫD QJKLrQ FӭX Qj\ Oj PӝW SKҫQ 6ӱGөQJSKҫQPӅP67$7$7KӕQJNr WURQJ QJKLrQ FӭX ³&KҩW OѭӧQJ FXӝF VӕQJ Yj P{WҧÿѭӧFVӱGөQJÿӇPLrXWҧWҫQVXҩWYjWӹOӋ VӭFNKӓHWkPWKҫQFӫDVLQKYLrQPӝWVӕWUѭӡQJ FKRELӃQÿӏQKWtQKNLӇPÿӏQK.KLEuQKSKѭѫQJ ÿҥLKӑFWҥL+j1ӝLQăPKӑFYjPӝW ÿѭӧFVӱGөQJÿӇVRViQKVӵNKiFELӋWJLӳD Vӕ\ӃXWӕOLrQTXDQ´ FiFQKyPYӟLPӭFờQJKƭDWKӕQJNrOjS 7ӯQJ FKLӃQ OѭӧF ÿӕL SKy 69 Vӱ GөQJ ÿѭӧF 1JKLrQ FӭX FKӑQ PүX WRjQ Eӝ WUrQ VLQK ttQK là 1 ÿLӇPNK{QJVӱGөQJOjÿLӇP'R YLrQ QăP ÿҫX Yj QăP FXӕL YӟL WәQJ Vӕ VLQK Yұ\ÿLӇPWӕLÿDFӫDWәQJQKyPFKLӃQOѭӧF YLrQOj7X\QKLrQFKӍFySKLӃXKӧS Oj  Yj WӕL WKLӇX Oj  9ӟL WӯQJ QKyP FKLӃQ OӋWURQJÿyVӕVӕSKLӃXFӫDVLQKYLrQQăPWKӭ OѭӧFWKuÿLӇPWӕLÿDFKRQKyPWLӃSFұQYҩQOj QKҩWOjYjQăPFXӕLOj QKyPQpWUiQKYҩQÿӅOjYjQKyPKӛWUӧ .ΏWKXͅWYjF{QJFͽWKXWKͅSWK{QJWLQ [mKӝLOjYjÿLӇPWӕLWKLӇXFKRWӯQJQKyP %ӝ FkX KӓL ÿѭӧF WKLӃW NӃ GѭӟL GҥQJ SKiW ÿӅXOj SKLӃX FKR VLQK YLrQ 69  Wӵ ÿLӅQ EDR JӗP ĈҥRÿӭFQJKLrQFӭX WK{QJ WLQ FKXQJ YӅ QăP KӑF JLӟL GkQ WӝF 1JKLrQFӭXÿҧPEҧRPӑLQJX\rQWҳFÿҥR WuQKWUҥQJK{QQKkQQѫLӣYjWK{QJWLQYӅFiF ÿӭFWURQJQJKLrQFӭX\VLQKKӑFYjÿѭӧF+ӝL FKLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKyWURQJKӑFWұS1JKLrQFӭX ÿӗQJ ÿҥR ÿӭFFӫD7UѭӡQJĈҥLKӑF<WӃF{QJ VӱGөQJWKDQJÿRFKLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKyKӑFWұS FӝQJWK{QJTXDWKHRTX\ӃWÿӏQKVӕ $&66$FDGHPLFFRSLQJVWUDWHJ\VFDOH JӗP ''<7&& QKyPOjFKLӃQOѭӧFWLӃSFұQYҩQÿӅQpWUiQK TCNCYH 138 (2) - 2021 
  3. 7Ҥ3&+ậ1*+,ầ1&Ӭ8<+Ӑ& ,,,.ӂ748Ҧ ĈһFÿLӇPFKXQJFӫDÿӕLWѭӧQJQJKLrQFӭX 1JKLrQFӭXWKӵFKLӋQWUrQWRjQEӝ69QăPÿҫXYjQăPFXӕLFӫDQăPKӑF7ӹOӋ 69QăPÿҫXOjYjQăPFXӕLOjWURQJÿyWӹOӋQӳJLӟL  FDRKѫQQDPJLӟL69FKӫ \ӃXOjQJѭӡLGkQWӝF.LQK  YjÿDQJÿӝFWKkQ  SKҫQOӟQ69VӕQJӣQKjWUӑ   KRһFNtW~F[i   %ҧQJĈһFÿLӇPQKkQNKҭXKӑFFӫDÿӕLWѭӧQJQJKLrQFӭX 6ӕ69 WӹOӋ 7әQJ ĈһFÿLӇP 1ăPÿҫX 1ăPFXӕL Q  Q  n  1DP       *LӟL 1ӳ       .LQK       'kQWӝF .KiF       7uQKWUҥQJ ĈӝF thõn       K{QQKkQ .KiF       1KjULrQJ       +LӋQWҥLÿDQJ 1KjWUӑ       VӕQJӣÿkX .tW~F[i       .KiF       &iFFăQJWKҷQJKӑFWұSFӫDVLQKYLrQWURQJWKiQJTXD %ҧQJ&iFFăQJWKҷQJKӑFWұSFӫDVLQKYLrQWURQJWKiQJTXD 6ӕVLQKYLrQ WӹOӋ a &iFFăQJWKҷQJWURQJKӑFWұS 1ăPÿҫX 1ăPFXӕL 7әQJ SYDOXH Q  Q  7UҧLTXDNuWKL7UXQJKӑF &y        SKәWK{QJYjWKLĈҥLKӑF .K{QJ       &y       +ӑFOҥL  .K{QJ       &y       7KLOҥL  .K{QJ       *KLFK~DV΅GͽQJNL͛PÿӏQK.KLEuQKSḰ˿QJVRViQKQKyP69QăPÿ̿XYjQăPFXͩL  TCNCYH 138 (2) - 2021
  4. 7Ҥ3&+ậ1*+,ầ1&Ӭ8<+Ӑ& %ҧQJWUuQKEj\FiFFăQJWKҷQJWURQJKӑFWұSYjWӹOӋ69SKҧLFKӏXFiFFăQJWKҷQJQj\WURQJ WKiQJTXD7URQJÿyFăQJWKҷQJWKѭӡQJJһSQKҩWÿӕLYӟL69QăPÿҫXOjYLӋFWUҧLTXDNuWKLWUXQJ KӑFSKәWK{QJ WӹOӋOj WURQJNKLÿyYӟL69QăPFXӕLOҥLFKӫ\ӃXFăQJWKҷQJYuWKLOҥL   YjKӑFOҥL   &KLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKyYӟLFăQJWKҷQJWURQJKӑFWұSFӫDVLQKYLrQ &KLӃQOѭӧFFөWKӇVLQKYLrQVӱGөQJÿӇÿӕLSKyYӟLFăQJWKҷQJWURQJKӑFWұS %ҧQJ&KLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKyYӟLFăQJWKҷQJWURQJKӑFWұSFӫDVLQKYLrQ 6ӕ69QăP 6ӕ69QăP 7әQJVӕ69 7әQJVӕ QKҩWVӱ FXӕLVӱ VӱGөQJ &KLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKy 69Fy SYDOXHa GөQJFKLӃQ GөQJFKLӃQ FKLӃQOѭӧF WUҧOӡL OѭӧF WӹOӋ OѭӧF WӹOӋ WӹOӋ 7LӃSFұQYҩQÿӅ /ұSPӝWNӃKRҥFKKjQK ÿӝQJFKLWLӃWÿӇJLҧLTX\ӃW         YҩQÿӅ .LrQWUuWURQJYLӋFFӕ JҳQJJLҧLTX\ӃWYjVӱD         FKӳDYҩQÿӅ ĈһWUDFiFFkXKӓLYӅYҩQ         ÿӅFӫDEҥQ &ӕJҳQJÿҥWÿѭӧFVӵ NLӇPVRiW±NLӅPFKӃYӟL         YҩQÿӅQj\ &ӕJҳQJKӑFKӓLWӯVDL         OҫPFӫDPuQK &ӕJҳQJWuP[HPEҥQÿm         VDLӣÿkX ĈӅUDQKӳQJPөFWLrXFө         WKӇÿӇJLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅ 6X\QJKƭYӅQKLӅXJLҧL         SKiSNKҧWKLFKRYҩQÿӅ 1JKƭPӝWFiFKWtFKFӵF         YӅYҩQÿӅ TCNCYH 138 (2) - 2021 
  5. 7Ҥ3&+ậ1*+,ầ1&Ӭ8<+Ӑ& 6ӕ69QăP 6ӕ69QăP 7әQJVӕ69 7әQJVӕ QKҩWVӱ FXӕLVӱ VӱGөQJ &KLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKy 69Fy SYDOXHa GөQJFKLӃQ GөQJFKLӃQ FKLӃQOѭӧF WUҧOӡL OѭӧF WӹOӋ OѭӧF WӹOӋ WӹOӋ 'QJQKӳQJNLQKQJKLӋP ÿmTXDFӫDEҥQÿӇJL~S         EҥQJLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅ ĈHPKӃWQӛOӵFYjRYLӋF SKiWWULӇQFiFNӻQăQJÿӇ         OjPFKӫYҩQÿӅ &ӕJҳQJKӑFÿLӅXJuÿyWӯ         NLQKQJKLӋPQj\ /jPYLӋFFKăPFKӍÿӇJLҧL         TX\ӃWYҩQÿӅ &ӕJҳQJQJKƭYӅYҩQÿӅ PӝWFiFKFҭQWKұQWUѭӟF         NKLKjQKÿӝQJ 7ұSKӧSWKrPWK{QJWLQ YӅYҩQÿӅWuPWKҩ\QKLӅX         ÿLӅXKѫQYӅYҩQÿӅ 1pWUiQKYҩQÿӅ ѬӟF UҵQJ EҥQ Fy QKLӅX NKҧ QăQJ KѫQ ÿӇ [ӱ Oờ         WuQKKXӕQJFӫDYҩQÿӅ 7KDP Gӵ YjR FiF KRҥW         ÿӝQJÿӇOjPVDROmQJ ĈӇ PһF WuQK KXӕQJ FӫD         YҩQÿӅ 7UiQK[DPӑLQJѭӡL          TCNCYH 138 (2) - 2021
  6. 7Ҥ3&+ậ1*+,ầ1&Ӭ8<+Ӑ& 6ӕ69QăP 6ӕ69QăP 7әQJVӕ69 7әQJVӕ QKҩWVӱ FXӕLVӱ VӱGөQJ &KLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKy 69Fy SYDOXHa GөQJFKLӃQ GөQJFKLӃQ FKLӃQOѭӧF WUҧOӡL OѭӧF WӹOӋ OѭӧF WӹOӋ WӹOӋ +ӛWUӧ[mKӝL %LӇXOӝQӛLQLӅPFӫDEҥQ         YӟLDLÿy 1yLFKX\ӋQYӟLPӝWQJѭӡL EҥQӣQJRjLWUѭӡQJKӑF KRһFPӝWWKjQKYLrQJLD         ÿuQKÿӇFyOӡLNKX\rQFө WKӇYӅYLӋFOjPWKӃQjR ÿӇJLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅ 1yLFKX\ӋQYӟLPӝW69 NKiFÿӇÿѭӧFÿӝQJYLrQ         DQӫL 1yLFKX\ӋQYӟLPӝWQJѭӡL EҥQӣQJRjLWUѭӡQJKӑF KRһFPӝWWKjQKYLrQJLD         ÿuQKÿӇÿѭӧFÿӝQJYLrQ DQӫL .KyFÿӇEj\WӓFҧP[~F         FӫDEҥQ &yÿѭӧFTXDQÿLӇPFӫD         PӑLQJѭӡLYӅYҩQÿӅ *KLFK~DSYjSFyVӵNKiFELӋWYӅOӵDFKӑQWUҧOӡLFӫDVLQKYLrQQăPQKҩWYj QăPFXӕLS!NK{QJFyVӵNKiFELӋWYӅOӵDFKӑQWUҧOӡLFӫDVLQKYLrQQăPQKҩWYjQăPFXӕL 1KyPFKLӃQOѭӧFWLӃSFұQYҩQÿӅ ÿѭӧF69VӱGөQJQKLӅXQKҩWWURQJÿyWӹOӋFyVӱGөQJӣ69 QăPÿҫXWӯÿӃQYj69QăPFXӕLWӯÿӃQWURQJÿy69QăPÿҫXVӱGөQJ QKLӅXQKҩWOjWLӇXPөF³'QJQKӳQJNLQKQJKLӋPÿmTXDFӫDEҥQÿӇJL~SEҥQJLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅ´FzQ 69QăPFXӕLOjWLӇXPөF³&ӕJҳQJKӑFKӓLWӯVDLOҫPFӫDPuQK³ӢFҧKDLQKyP69WӹOӋ69VӱGөQJ tWQKҩWOjWLӇXPөF³/ұSPӝWNӃKRҥFKKjQKÿӝQJFKLWLӃWÿӇJLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅ´ 69tWVӱGөQJQKyPFKLӃQOѭӧFQpWUiQKYҩQÿӅQKҩWWURQJÿyWӹOӋVӱGөQJӣVLQKYLrQQăPÿҫX OjWӯÿӃQYjӣVLQKYLrQQăPFXӕL làWӯÿӃQӢFҧKDLQKyP69WӹOӋVӱ GөQJtWQKҩWOjWLӇXPөFYӅ³OӵDFKӑQWUiQK[DPӑLQJѭӡL´ 0һWNKiFWӹOӋ69QăPÿҫXVӱGөQJQKyPFKLӃQOѭӧFWLӃSFұQYҩQÿӅYjKӛWUӧ[mKӝLFDRKѫQ QăPFXӕLWURQJNKLQKyPFKLӃQOѭӧFQpWUiQKOҥLFyWӹOӋVӱGөQJWKҩSKѫQ TCNCYH 138 (2) - 2021 
  7. 7Ҥ3&+ậ1*+,ầ1&Ӭ8<+Ӑ& 7әQJVӕFKLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKyYӟLFăQJWKҷQJWURQJKӑFWұSFӫDVLQKYLrQWKHRJLӟLWtQKYj QăPKӑF +uQK7әQJVӕFKLӃQOѭӧFYjQKyPFKLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKyYӟLFăQJWKҷQJ WURQJKӑFWұSWKHRQăPKӑF 1JKLrQFӭXWKӵFKLӋQNKҧRViWYӟLFKLӃQOѭӧFWѭѫQJÿѭѫQJYӟLÿLӇP7әQJVӕFKLӃQOѭӧF ÿӕLSKyYӟLFăQJWKҷQJWURQJKӑFWұSFӫD69QăPÿҫX WUXQJYӏ YjNKRҧQJFiFKWӭSKkQYӏ ,45 là 5 FDRKѫQQăPFXӕL WUXQJYӏYj,45Oj VӵNKiFELӋWFyờQJKƭDWKӕQJNrYӟLS 7әQJVӕFKLӃQOѭӧFWLӃSFұQYҩQÿӅJӗPFKLӃQOѭӧF WӕLÿDÿLӇP WURQJÿy69QăPÿҫX WUXQJYӏ,45 FDRKѫQ69QăPFXӕL WUXQJYӏ,45S 7әQJVӕFKLӃQOѭӧFWKXӝF QKyPQpWUiQKYҩQÿӅJӗPFKLӃQOѭӧF WӕLÿDÿLӇP YӟL69QăPÿҫX WUXQJYӏ,45 WKҩS KѫQQăPFXӕL WUXQJYӏ,45S 1KyPFKLӃQOѭӧFKӛWUӧ[mKӝLJӗPWәQJFKLӃQOѭӧF WӕLÿDÿLӇP 69QăPÿҫXFDRKѫQQăPFXӕL WUXQJYӏ,45VRYӟLWUXQJYӏ,45S  ,9%ơ1/8Ұ1 1JKLrQ FӭX Qj\ FKR WKҩ\ SKҫQ OӟQ 69 ÿm .ӃWTXҧFKRWKҩ\KDLQKyPÿӕLWѭӧQJ69 VӱGөQJNӃWKӧSQKLӅXQKyPFKLӃQOѭӧFWLӃS QăP ÿҫX Yj QăP FXӕL ÿӅX Fy [X KѭӟQJ Vӱ FұQYҩQÿӅQpWUiQKYҩQÿӅYjKӛWUӧ[mKӝLÿӇ GөQJFiFFKLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKyWLӃSFұQYҩQÿӅ ÿӕLSKyYӟLFăQJWKҷQJWURQJKӑFWұSWURQJÿy QKLӅX KѫQ FiF FKLӃQ OѭӧF Qp WUiQK YҩQ ÿӅ QKyPWLӃSFұQYҩQÿӅKӛWUӧ[mKӝLÿѭӧF69 SKiW KLӋQ Qj\ WѭѫQJ Wӵ YӟL FiF QJKLrQ FӭX OӵDFKӑQVӱGөQJWKѭӡQJ[X\rQKѫQQKyPQp NKiFWUrQWKӃJLӟL1JKLrQFӭXFӫD-HUHP\5 WUiQKYҩQÿӅ tW ÿѭӧFVӱGөQJ 6XOOLYDQYjFӝQJVӵWUrQVLQKYLrQÿҥLKӑF0ӻ  TCNCYH 138 (2) - 2021
  8. 7Ҥ3&+ậ1*+,ầ1&Ӭ8<+Ӑ& QăP11FKLӃQOѭӧFÿѭӧFVӱGөQJQKLӅX 9.ӂ7/8Ұ1 QKҩWOjGQJQKӳQJNLQKQJKLӋPÿmTXDFӫD ĈDVӕ697UѭӡQJĈҥLKӑF<+j1ӝLÿDQJ EҧQWKkQÿӇJLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅ QKyPWLӃSFұQ OӵDFKӑQFiFFKLӃQOѭӧFFyWiFÿӝQJWtFKFӵF YҩQÿӅ YjFyÿѭӧFTXDQÿLӇPFӫDPӑLQJѭӡL OrQVӭFNKӓHWkPWKҫQPһFGWӹOӋVLQKYLrQ YӅYҩQÿӅ QKyPKӛWUӧ[mKӝL QJѭӧFOҥLÿӇ VӱGөQJFKLӃQOѭӧFQpWUiQKYҩQÿӅYүQFzQ PһFYҩQÿӅYjWUiQK[DPӑLQJѭӡLOjKDLFKLӃQ FDRYjWӹOӋQj\FDRKѫQӣ69QăPFXӕL1Kj OѭӧFtW ÿѭӧFVӱGөQJQKҩW QKyPQpWUiQKYҩQ WUѭӡQJFҫQFyFiFELӋQSKiSÿӇKӛWUӧJLҧP ÿӅ 6ӵWѭѫQJÿӗQJQj\FyWKӇGRiSOӵFJLiR FăQJ WKҷQJ FKR VLQK YLrQ Ĉ+<+1 QKѭ FiF GөF\NKRDFKѭѫQJWUuQKÿjRWҥR\NKRDKD\ FKѭѫQJ WUuQK QJRҥL NKRi ÿӇ QyL FKX\ӋQ Yj GRWtQKFiFK69\ӣFiFWUѭӡQJWUrQWKӃJLӟLFy ÿӏQKKѭӟQJVLQKYLrQFyFiFKJLҧLTX\ӃWFăQJ ÿLӇP JLӕQJ QKDX )LOLS /LHYHQV 3RO &RHWVLHU WKҷQJWKHRFKLӃQOѭӧFWLӃSFұQYҩQÿӅQKLӅX YjFӝQJVӵFKӍUDUҵQJVRYӟLFiF69FKX\rQ KѫQ1JRjLUDYӟLQKӳQJVLQKYLrQFyGҩXKLӋX QJjQKNKiF69\NKRDÿҥW ÿLӇPFDRQKҩWYӅ TXiFăQJWKҷQJWURQJKӑFWұSWKuQKjWUѭӡQJ VӵKѭӟQJQJRҥLYjVӵGӉFKӏX123KҧLFKăQJ FҫQFySKzQJKRһFFiQEӝWѭYҩQWkPOờFKR ÿk\OjPӝWWURQJVӕFiFOờGRJL~SPӝWQKyP ÿӇNӏSWKӡLJL~SFKRVLQKYLrQYѭӧWTXDFiFiS 69\GӉGjQJJLҧLTX\ӃWYҩQÿӅWURQJKӑFWұS OӵFKӑFWұSWKHRKѭӟQJWtFKFӵFFKRVӭFNKӓH EҵQJFiFKOӵDFKӑQFKLӃQOѭӧFOjWLӃSFұQYҩQ WkPWKҫQ ÿӅYjKӛWUӧ[mKӝL 7ӹOӋ69QăPÿҫXVӱGөQJFKLӃQOѭӧFÿӕL 7ơ,/,ӊ87+$0.+Ҧ2 SKyWLӃSFұQYҩQÿӅYjKӛWUӧ[mKӝLFDRKѫQVR  0RKG 6LGLN 6 5DPSDO / .DQHVRQ YӟL69QăPFXӕLWURQJNKLÿy69QăPÿҫXOҥL 1 3UHYDOHQFH RI HPRWLRQDO GLVRUGHUV DPRQJ VӱGөQJFKLӃQOѭӧFQpWUiQKYҩQÿӅWKҩSKѫQ PHGLFDO VWXGHQWV LQ D 0DOD\VLDQ XQLYHUVLW\ 69QăPFXӕL6ӵNKiFELӋWQj\FyWKӇGRiSOӵF $VLD 3DFL¿F )DPLO\ 0HGLFLQH  FӫDFiFQăPKӑFOjNKiFQKDXҧQKKѭӣQJÿӃQ    YLӋFFKӑQOӵDNKiFQKDXYӅFiFFKLӃQOѭӧFÿӕL  )DZ]\ 0 +DPHG 6$ 3UHYDOHQFH RI SKy1JKLrQFӭXFӫD1HZPDQQ&YjFӝQJVӵ SV\FKRORJLFDO VWUHVV GHSUHVVLRQ DQG DQ[LHW\ QăPÿmFKRWKҩ\VӵÿӗQJFҧPVX\JLҧP DPRQJ PHGLFDO VWXGHQWV LQ (J\SW 3V\FKLDWU\ WKHRVӵWăQJGҫQFҩSEұF\NKRD13KD\69JLҧP 5HVHDUFK OLrQOҥFYӟLJLDÿuQKYjWKLӃXVӵKӛWUӧ[mKӝLWӯ  $OPRMDOL$,$OPDONL 6$$ORWKPDQ$6 FiFQKyPÿӗQJ ÿҷQJFӫDKӑVDXNKLWLӃS[~F 0DVXDGL(0$ODTHHO0.7KHSUHYDOHQFHDQG KӑFWKӵFKjQKOkPVjQJ DVVRFLDWLRQRIVWUHVVZLWKVOHHSTXDOLW\DPRQJ +ҥQFKӃFӫDQJKLrQFӭX'RWKDQJÿRÿѭӧF PHGLFDOVWXGHQWV-RXUQDORI(SLGHPLRORJ\DQG ÿLӅXFKӍQKFiFOӵDFKӑQWUҧOӡLYӅFyYjNK{QJ *OREDO+HDOWK   QrQ NӃW TXҧ QJKLrQ FӭX PӟL FKӍ P{ Wҧ ÿѭӧF  $O'XEDL6$5$O1DJJDU5$$OVKDJJD WӹOӋVLQKYLrQFyWKӵFKLӋQFKLӃQOѭӧFÿӕLSKy 0$5DPSDO.*6WUHVVDQGFRSLQJVWUDWHJLHV YӟLFăQJWKҷQJWURQJKӑFWұSPjFKѭDiSGөQJ RIVWXGHQWVLQDPHGLFDOIDFXOW\LQ0DOD\VLD7KH ÿѭӧFSKkQWtFKQKkQWӕ'RYұ\YLӋFVRViQK 0DOD\VLDQMRXUQDORIPHGLFDOVFLHQFHV0-06 YӟLFiFQJKLrQFӭXVӱGөQJFQJEӝWKDQJÿR    VӁJһSKҥQFKӃ1JKLrQFӭXKӗLFӭX\rXFҫX WKXWKұSVӕOLӋXFăQJWKҷQJWURQJYzQJWKiQJ  6UHHUDPDUHGG\&76KDQNDU35%LQX QrQFyWKӇ[ҧ\UDVDLVӕQKӟOҥL 9 0XNKRSDGK\D\ & 5D\ % 0HQH]HV 5* TCNCYH 138 (2) - 2021 
  9. 7Ҥ3&+ậ1*+,ầ1&Ӭ8<+Ӑ& 3V\FKRORJLFDO PRUELGLW\ VRXUFHV RI VWUHVV LQ9LHWQDP3/2621(  H DQG FRSLQJ VWUDWHJLHV DPRQJ XQGHUJUDGXDWH  1JX\HQ 777 1JX\HQ 170 3KDP PHGLFDO VWXGHQWV RI 1HSDO %0& 0HGLFDO 093KDP+91DNDPXUD+7KHIRXUGRPDLQ HGXFDWLRQ   VWUXFWXUHPRGHORIDGHSUHVVLRQVFDOHIRUPHGLFDO  $NKWDU 0 .U|QHU+HUZLJ % )DL]H ) VWXGHQWV$FURVVVHFWLRQDOVWXG\LQ+DLSKRQJ 'HSUHVVLRQ DQG $Q[LHW\ DPRQJ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 9LHWQDP3/2621(  H 0HGLFDO 6WXGHQWV LQ *HUPDQ\ 7KH 3UHGLFWLYH  6XOOLYDQ -5 3UHOLPLQDU\ SV\FKRPHWULF 5ROH RI &RSLQJ 6W\OHV -30$ 7KH -RXUQDO GDWD IRU WKH DFDGHPLF FRSLQJ VWUDWHJLHV RI WKH 3DNLVWDQ 0HGLFDO $VVRFLDWLRQ  VFDOH $VVHVVPHQW IRU (IIHFWLYH ,QWHUYHQWLRQ      $Q + &KXQJ 6 3DUN - .LP 6< .LP  /LHYHQV ) &RHWVLHU 3'H )UX\W ) 'H .0 .LP .6 1RYHOW\VHHNLQJ DQG DYRLGDQW 0DHVHQHHU - 0HGLFDO VWXGHQWVả SHUVRQDOLW\ FRSLQJVWUDWHJLHVDUHDVVRFLDWHGZLWKDFDGHPLF FKDUDFWHULVWLFV DQG DFDGHPLF SHUIRUPDQFH VWUHVV LQ .RUHDQ PHGLFDO VWXGHQWV 3V\FKLDWU\ $ ¿YHIDFWRU PRGHO SHUVSHFWLYH 0HGLFDO 5HV'HF   HGXFDWLRQ    ĈRjQ 9ѭѫQJ 'LӉP .KiQK /r ĈuQK  1HXPDQQ 0 (GHOKlXVHU ) 7DXVFKHO 'ѭѫQJ3KҥP7X\rQYjFӝQWDO6WUHVVYjFiF ' HW DO (PSDWK\ GHFOLQH DQG LWV UHDVRQV \ӃX Wӕ OLrQ TXDQ ӣ VLQK YLrQ NKRD \ WӃ F{QJ D V\VWHPDWLF UHYLHZ RI VWXGLHV ZLWK PHGLFDO FӝQJWUѭӡQJĈҥLKӑF<GѭӧF+XӃ7̹SFKt< VWXGHQWV DQG UHVLGHQWV $FDGHPLF PHGLFLQH ǴͻFKͥF       3KDP 7 %XL / 1JX\HQ$ HW DO 7KH  %HOOLQL/0%DLPH06KHD-$9DULDWLRQ SUHYDOHQFH RI GHSUHVVLRQ DQG DVVRFLDWHG ULVN RIPRRGDQGHPSDWK\GXULQJLQWHUQVKLS-DPD IDFWRUVDPRQJPHGLFDOVWXGHQWV$QXQWROGVWRU\    6XPPDU\ &23,1*675$7(*,(6)25$&$'(0,&675(66$021* 678'(176$7+$12,0(',&$/81,9(56,7<,17+($&$'(0,& <($5 7KLVVWXG\DLPHGWRGHVFULEHFRSLQJVWUDWHJLHVIRUWKHDFDGHPLFVWUHVVHPSOR\HGE\PHGLFDO VWXGHQWV DW +DQRL 0HGLFDO 8QLYHUVLW\ LQ WKH DFDGHPLF \HDU  :H FRQGXFWHG D FURVV VHFWLRQDODQDO\VLVRIVWXGHQWVZKRZHUHLQWKHLU¿UVWRU¿QDO\HDUDW+DQRL0HGLFDO8QLYHUVLW\ 7KHPRVWFRPPRQFRSLQJVWUDWHJ\ZDVWKH³SUREOHPDSSURDFKVWUDWHJ\´ZKLFKZDVXVHGE\EHWZHHQ WRRIWKH¿UVW\HDUVWXGHQWVDQGEHWZHHQWRRIWKH¿QDO\HDUVWXGHQWV 7KH³VWUDWHJ\WRDYRLGSUREOHPV´ZDVXVHGE\EHWZHHQWRRIWKH¿UVW\HDUVWXGHQWVDQG EHWZHHQWRRIWKH¿QDO\HDUVWXGHQWV7KHXQLYHUVLW\VKRXOGHVWDEOLVKDFRXQVHOLQJ GHSDUWPHQWWRKHOSVWXGHQWVHVSHFLDOO\¿QDO\HDUVWXGHQWVLQ¿QGLQJDVXLWDEOHVWUDWHJ\IRUFRSLQJ ZLWKDFDGHPLFVWUHVV .H\ZRUG6WUDWHJLHVPHGLFDOVWXGHQWVDFDGHPLFVWUHVV+DQRL0HGLFDO8QLYHUVLW\  TCNCYH 138 (2) - 2021